What is a worm gearbox?
A threaded shaft, the worm, meshes with a toothed wheel. Each turn of the worm moves the wheel by one tooth, so a single stage gives a large reduction ratio, and the output shaft sits at right angles to the input. Worm gearboxes run smoothly and quietly, and at high ratios can resist being driven backward. They are used on conveyors, mixers, lifts, hoists and many general-purpose machines.
Listed manufacturers
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List your companyWorm Gearbox or helical gearbox?
A worm gearbox is compact, gives a large ratio in one stage and runs quietly, but it is less efficient and runs hotter. A helical gearbox is more efficient and suits continuous heavy duty, but it takes more stages for the same ratio and costs more.
What to specify when you ask for a quote
- Input power and speed, and the ratio you need.
- Output torque, and the service factor for the duty: shock loads, hours per day.
- Mounting position, shaft layout and size, and the housing type.
- Lubrication: oil type, level and cooling at your duty cycle.
- Worm and wheel materials and the hardening of the worm.
- Efficiency, backlash and noise level, and the warranty and spares.
Where it is used
- Industrial MachineryConveyors, mixers, hoists and general drives.
- MiningConveyor and material-handling drives.
- Food ProcessingMixers, agitators and packaging machine drives.
Frequently asked questions
Is a worm gearbox self-locking?
At high ratios it can resist being driven from the output side, but that should not be relied on as a safety brake. If holding a load safely matters, add a proper brake.
Why does a worm gearbox get hot?
The sliding contact between worm and wheel creates friction, so it runs warmer than a helical gearbox. Use the right oil and size the unit with an adequate service factor.
How do I size a gearbox?
Use the motor power, speed, output torque and a service factor for your duty, then check the rating against the manufacturer’s catalogue. Ask the maker to confirm the selection for your application.